Population
9 769 526 (2020)
Conditional reduction of currency
HUF
Against USD
366,87 (2022)
Climate, average max and min t°
Temperate; cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers; avg. maximum temperature (July) +25°; avg. minimum temperature (January) +4°
Time difference from Moscow
- 1 hour
Ethnic groups
Hungarian 92,3%, Roma 1,9%, other or unknown 5,8%
History
The year 1000 saw the growth of the Hungarian Kingdom with the annexation of the territories of Slovakia, Syrmia, Croatia, and Transylvania. In the 12th century the Byzantine Empire conquered a few Balkan territories. At the same time Hungary came under the pressure from the Crusades.
In the 13th century the country suffered the Mongolian invasion, and between 1526 and 1699 – the Turkish Yoke, which led to the division of the territories into the Austrian and Turkish parts.
In 1687 Austria forced the Turks out of Hungary. The authority of the Habsburg Family was officially recognized and they reigned until 1867.
The year 1848 witnessed the Hungarian Revolution for the liberation from the Habsburgs. In 1867 Austria-Hungary was founded.
In March 1919 Hungary declared itself a Hungarian Soviet Republic, which only existed until August.
Then the country was proclaimed a kingdom led by the regent Miklos Horthy (1920 – 1944). During the Second World War Hungary fought on the side of the Third Reich. The Red Army overthrew the military dictatorship of Szalasi (1944 – 1945) and set in the country a communist government which was in power until 1989. Later Hungary became a parliamentary republic.
In 1999 Hungary became a member of NATO, and in 2004 it joined the EU.
Government type
Parliamentary democracy
Executive branch
Head of the government: Prime Minister. Government: Cabinet of Ministers
Legislative branch
Unicameral National Assembly (386 members)
Judicial branch
Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, courts of appeal, courts of first instance, and local courts
GDP per capita rank
46 (2020)
Corruption perceptions index rank
43 (2021)
