Population
1 693 939 (2020)
National currency
Czech koruna
Conditional reduction of currency
CZK
Climate, average max and min t°
Temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters; avg. maximum temperature (August) +25°C; avg. minimum temperature (January) -15°C
Time difference from Moscow
- 1 hour
Ethnic groups
63,7% Czechs, 4,9% Moravians, 1,4% Slovaks, 29,9% others
History
The most powerful among the Slavic tribes were the Czech. The formation of the Czech State began in the 7th century. In the 10th century the principality of Czech was part of the Roman Empire. These territories were under governing of the German Emperors from the 9th to 14th centuries.
The period of Interregna lasted from 1439 until 1452.
The confrontation between the Protestants and Catholics provoked the Thirty Years’ War in the 17th century. Following the end of the war the Catholicism became the only religion to have legal status.
Since the 17th century the territories were under governing of Habsburgs. German language became the language of teaching and state authorities in spite of the patriots’ efforts to introduce the Czech language.
From 1867 until 1918 the Czech Republic was part of Austria-Hungary.
In 1918 the independent Czechoslovakia was formed. In 1993 it was divided into independent Czech Republic and Slovakia.
In 1995 the Czech Republic was the first state among the former social countries which was admitted to the OECD. In 1999 the Czech Republic became a member of NATO, and in 2004 it joined the European Union.
Government type
Parliamentary democracy
Executive branch
Government headed by the Prime Minister
Legislative branch
Bicameral Parliament: Chamber of Deputies (200 members) and Senate (81 members)
Judicial branch
Supreme Court, high courts, regional courts, magistrate courts
GDP per capita rank
40 (2020)
Corruption perceptions index rank
54 (2021)
