Location
Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan
Total area
3 287 263 sq.km
Population
1 408 297 000 (2022)
National currency
Indian rupee
Conditional reduction of currency
INR
Climate, average max and min t°
Varies from tropical monsoon in the south to temperate in the north; in the coldest season (from December to February) average minimum temperature is +6-10°С, average maximum temperature is +21-23°С; in the hottest season (May-June) average minimum temperature is +26-28°С, average maximum temperature is about +40°С
Time difference from Moscow
+2,5 hours
Ethnic groups
Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3%
Literacy rate
71,2% (2019)
History
A number of independent states was formed in India by the 6th century B.C. Later there were founded the Indo-Greek, Indo-Skythians, Indo-Parthian Kingdoms, and Kushano-Sassanids Empire.
Alexander the Great’s conquest of India lasted from 327 to 325 years B.C. There were several dynasties in different times and different regions of India. The period of the Gupta Empire in the 3rd century is called the Golden Age.
India was under the Muslim rule in the 10th – 12th centuries. In the 16th century the European countries such as Portugal, Netherlands, France, and Great Britain started their colonization of Indian territories. Denmark, Austria, Sweden, and Prussia conquered just small territories.
The British supremacy was established in 1765. India gained its independence in 1947.
In three years it was proclaimed a Republic.
Government type
Parliamentary republic
Executive branch
President, Vice-President, and the Council of MInisters headed by the Prime-Minister
Legislative branch
Bicameral Parliament: Council of States (250 members) and House of the People (545 members)
Judicial branch
Supreme Court, High Courts, and trial courts
GDP per capita rank
133 (2020)
Corruption perceptions index rank
40 (2021)
